Map O1: Arusha Region mountains


  1. 1.Serengeti Plains

  2. 2. Sonjo Hills

  3. 3. Lake Natron

  4. 4. Meto Hills, 2,300m

  5. 5. Oldonyo Orok (mountain). Namanga border

  6. 6. Gelai (mountain), 2,900m

  7. 7. Oldonyo Lengai (active volcano)

  8. 8. Longido (mountain), 2,600m

  9. 9. Lake Eyasi, 1,030m

  10. 10. Ngorongoro Crater

  11. 11. Loolmalasin (mountain), 3,600m

  12. 12. Engaruka village

  13. 13. Ketumbeine (mountain), 2,700m

  14. 14. Karatu (district capital)

  15. 15. Lake Manyara, 960m

  16. 16. Mto wa Mbu town

  17. 17. Losimingori

  18. 18. Monduli (mountain), 2,600

  19. 19. Urban Arusha, pop. 350,000

  20. 20. Mt. Meru, 4,500m

  21. 21. Karansi village

  22. 22. Lake Amboseli/Amboseli National Park

  23. 23. Kilimanjaro, 5,900m

  24. 24. Mwika villages

  25. 25. Moshi town

  26. 26. Lolkisale (mountain)

      Osupuko maps

      Osupuko maps

Map O2: Ilkiding’a close-up


  1. 1.Road to Shiboro (and on to Sambasha and Ngaramtoni)

  2. 2. Old church building

  3. 3. New church building under construction

  4. 4. River Ngarenaro (Engare Narok)

  5. 5. Road to Ilboru, Mianzini, and urban Arusha

Note: Just south of the open field in front of the church is Ilkiding’a Secondary School, halfway between the 2 and the 5 on the map.

Map O3: Kioga close-up


  1. 1.Kioga Lutheran Church

  2. 2. Road to Ilkisongo, Oldonyo Sapuk, and Mt Meru forests

  3. 3. Road to Iltulele, Olturoto, Sanawari, and urban Arusha

Map O4: Oldonyo Sapuk close-up


  1. 1.Oldonyo Sapuk Lutheran Church

  2. 2. Oldonyo Sapuk Primary School

  3. 3. Round church building under construction


Notes: The village office and dispensary are on the north side of the field in front of the church. The field is on a high hilltop, with steep dropoffs immediately southwest of the school, south of the church, and on the eastern edge of this image.

Map O5: Oloigero close-up


  1. 1. Oloigero Lutheran Church

  2. 2. Road to Enyoito, Moivo, Enaboishu, Sanawari, and urban Arusha

  3. 3. Themi River


Note: Oloigero is located on a steep incline on the side of the hill called Oldonyo Sapuk. The church of Oldonyo Sapuk is NNW of Oloigero and drops more than 1,000 feet to the Themi River below. The hill Oldonyo Sapuk runs north-south and Oloigero is at the southern foot of the hill and Oldonyo Sapuk church at the southern end of the top of the hill.